THE HOLY BIBLE (Darby Translation) Darby's Notes on James

1:3g works: Works out as an effect: see ver. 20; Phil. 2:12.
1:5h freely: As 'simplicity,' Rom. 12:8. Of men we might say 'unaffectedly,' 'with a readiness of heart which does not make a great matter of it:' the want is there, and the heart answers without a second thought. I had thought of 'readily,' but it does not give the thought of simplicity without a second thought, as much as 'freely.'
1:8a man: 'Double-minded man' is an apposition, not with 'that man,' but with 'he that doubts' (ver. 6); and ver. 7 is practically a parenthesis. I do not think the sense of ver. 8 bears a direct connection with ver. 7; it is rather a moral explanation of the figure of ver. 6. The style of James is characterized by these proverbial sentences: see ver. 20 as an example.
1:17b gift: Dosis, then dorema; the words are nearly the same: strictly dosis is 'the giving,' dorema 'the thing freely given.' In English 'gift' is both the giving and the thing given.
1:17c down: Lit. 'is coming down;' its true character: see ch. 3:16.
1:18d will: 'Having so purposed' or 'willed it.' It was the fruit of his own mind, and so a free gift.
1:20e work: 'Work out as an effect,' as ver. 3: see Rom. 7:13.
1:25f view: Lit. 'stoops down to look into,' as Luke 24:12; John 20:5.
1:26g himself: Or 'seem:' see 1Cor. 10:12.
1:27h Father: Or 'God the Father,' Lit. 'God and Father.'
2:4a having: Lit. 'of evil thoughts,' as we say, 'a man of corrupt habits.'
2:8b thyself: See Lev. 19:18.
2:16c filled: Or 'warm and fill yourselves.'
2:18d from: Ek, or 'on the principle of,' as vers. 24, 25: see Rom. 4:2.
2:20e dead: Or as some MSS. 'fruitless and inoperative.'
2:21f, 2:22f by: Ek, as ver. 18.
2:23g says: See Gen. 15:6.
3:5a wood: i.e. a forest. But some regard the expression as meaning 'materials.'
3:6b hell: Gehenna.
3:9c Father: Or, perhaps, 'the Lord and the Father.' The form of the phrase must be noted: it is one article with two nouns, and so they are in some respect one, perhaps here only in respect of the blessing.
3:13d conversation: Or 'conduct,' 'manner of life,' as 1Tim. 4:12.
3:14e boast: 'Against truth' is connected with 'boast,' as with 'lie.'
3:17f unquestioning: Or 'uncontentious,' that is, in contrast with contentious pretension to wisdom: practical righteousness bears the fruit of peace for those who make peace.
4:1g pleasures: Lit. 'pleasures,' not 'lusts;' there is an additional idea, the satisfaction the heart feels in satisfying, or rather gratifying, lust: see Tit. 3:3.
4:4h God: Lit. 'the friendship of the world is enmity of God;' but it is the state as between the parties, in English 'with.' In what follows, the same construction in Greek, it is taken up as 'our state towards' God, but this is warning to conscience.
4:5i enviously: I have, with some hesitation, translated this passage as above. I cannot find that the Greek word is used in a good or holy sense of jealousy. The application to what precedes is evident.
4:6k says: See Prov. 3:34.
4:7a Subject, 4:8a near, 4:8a Cleanse, 4:9a wretched, 4:10a yourselves: 'Have it done,' not 'be doing it;' the aorist tense. All the imperatives (ten) from vers. 7 to 10 are in the aorist.
4:12b thy: Lit. 'the neighbour.'
4:14c who: 'Who are such as do not.'
5:4d sabaoth: i.e. Jehovah of hosts as Rom. 9:29.
5:7e, 5:8e patience: Aorist: see Note a.
5:7f patience: Two Greek words are translated 'patience' in the New Testament. In vers. 7 and 8 the verb makrothumeo, and in ver. 10 the noun makrothumia, as Heb. 6:12. In Rom. 2:4; 2Tim. 4:2; 1Pet. 3:20, this reads 'longsuffering' in this translation. In ver. 11 and elsewhere 'endurance' is hupomone, also translated 'patience' at times, according to the context. In general, makrothumia expresses patience in respect of persons, but hupomone in respect of things. The man who is 'longsuffering' (makrothumia) does not suffer himself easily to be provoked by injurious persons, or to be angered, 2Tim. 4:2. The man who is 'patient' (hupomone), though under great trials, bears up, and does not lose heart or courage, Rom. 5:3; 2Cor. 1:6.
5:9g Complain: Lit. 'groan,' as Mark 7:34.
5:10a patience: See Note f, ver. 7.
5:11b endurance: Hupomone: see Note f, ver. 7.
5:16c your: Lit. 'the.'
5:16d fervent: Or, 'operative,' 'working effectually,' if the word be taken as a participle, as elsewhere in the New Testament. The A.V. combines the two ideas, 'the effectual fervent prayer,' but it is hardly both. I do not think it is inwrought by spiritual power. It is the person who is 'fervent.'

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